Pelton Turbine Test System
The Pelton Turbine Test System by Atto Labware is an experimental setup designed to study the performance characteristics of an impulse turbine. It demonstrates the conversion of hydraulic energy into mechanical work using the impact of a high-velocity water jet on the turbine buckets. This system enables students to determine turbine efficiency, plot characteristic curves, and understand the working principles of impulse turbines widely used in hydropower plants.
Educational Objectives
Students and researchers will be able to:
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Understand the construction and working of a Pelton wheel impulse turbine.
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Measure turbine efficiency at various load and speed conditions.
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Determine the relationship between jet velocity, runner speed, and output power.
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Plot characteristic curves (efficiency vs. speed, discharge vs. head).
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Study energy transfer and losses in hydraulic turbines.
Performance Measurement
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Measurement of turbine speed using a digital tachometer.
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Measurement of flow rate through an orifice or flow sensor.
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Determination of hydraulic head using pressure gauges.
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Measurement of torque and output power using a dynamometer or brake drum arrangement.
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Calculation of overall and mechanical efficiencies.
Panel and Instruments / Components
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Pelton Turbine Unit: Precision-engineered Pelton wheel with multiple buckets.
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Nozzle and Spear Mechanism: Adjustable nozzle to control jet flow and impact velocity.
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Casing: Transparent acrylic cover for visual observation of jet action.
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Dynamometer / Brake Drum: For torque and load measurement.
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Pressure Gauges: To measure head at turbine inlet.
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Flow Measuring System: Rotameter or orifice with differential pressure gauge.
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Digital Tachometer: For accurate speed measurement.
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Supply Pump: Centrifugal pump delivering water at required head and discharge.
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Control Panel: Includes on/off switch, digital meters, and speed control.
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Water Circulation System: Closed-loop system with sump tank and piping.
Specifications (Includes Technical Data)
| Feature | Detail |
|---|---|
| Type | Impulse (Pelton Wheel) Turbine |
| Runner Diameter | 150–200 mm |
| Nozzle Type | Single jet with adjustable spear |
| Pump Type | Centrifugal pump, 1 HP |
| Head Range | 5 – 25 m |
| Discharge Range | 10 – 30 LPM |
| Speed Range | 500 – 3000 RPM |
| Power Output | Up to 200 W |
| Measuring Instruments | Pressure gauges, flow meter, tachometer, dynamometer |
| Working Fluid | Water (Closed Loop) |
| Tank Capacity | 60–80 L |
| Construction | Stainless steel, brass, and acrylic assembly on powder-coated frame |
| Dimensions | 1500 mm L × 800 mm W × 1200 mm H |
| Weight (Approx.) | 70–80 kg |
Note: Optional digital data acquisition, speed control, and performance analysis software available on request.
